pylucene 3.5.0-3
[pylucene.git] / lucene-java-3.5.0 / lucene / contrib / analyzers / common / src / java / org / apache / lucene / analysis / br / BrazilianStemmer.java
diff --git a/lucene-java-3.5.0/lucene/contrib/analyzers/common/src/java/org/apache/lucene/analysis/br/BrazilianStemmer.java b/lucene-java-3.5.0/lucene/contrib/analyzers/common/src/java/org/apache/lucene/analysis/br/BrazilianStemmer.java
new file mode 100644 (file)
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@@ -0,0 +1,1021 @@
+package org.apache.lucene.analysis.br;
+
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * A stemmer for Brazilian Portuguese words.
+ */
+public class BrazilianStemmer {
+
+       /**
+        * Changed term
+        */
+       private   String TERM ;
+       private   String CT ;
+       private   String R1 ;
+       private   String R2 ;
+       private   String RV ;
+
+
+       public BrazilianStemmer() {
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Stems the given term to an unique <tt>discriminator</tt>.
+        *
+        * @param term  The term that should be stemmed.
+        * @return      Discriminator for <tt>term</tt>
+        */
+       protected String stem( String term ) {
+    boolean altered = false ; // altered the term
+
+    // creates CT
+    createCT(term) ;
+
+               if ( !isIndexable( CT ) ) {
+                       return null;
+               }
+               if ( !isStemmable( CT ) ) {
+                       return CT ;
+               }
+
+    R1 = getR1(CT) ;
+    R2 = getR1(R1) ;
+    RV = getRV(CT) ;
+    TERM = term + ";" +CT ;
+
+    altered = step1() ;
+    if (!altered) {
+      altered = step2() ;
+    }
+
+    if (altered) {
+      step3();
+    } else {
+      step4();
+    }
+
+    step5() ;
+
+    return CT ;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Checks a term if it can be processed correctly.
+        *
+        * @return  true if, and only if, the given term consists in letters.
+        */
+       private boolean isStemmable( String term ) {
+               for ( int c = 0; c < term.length(); c++ ) {
+                       // Discard terms that contain non-letter characters.
+                       if ( !Character.isLetter(term.charAt(c))) {
+                               return false;
+                       }
+               }
+               return true;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * Checks a term if it can be processed indexed.
+        *
+        * @return  true if it can be indexed
+        */
+       private boolean isIndexable( String term ) {
+               return (term.length() < 30) && (term.length() > 2) ;
+       }
+
+       /**
+        * See if string is 'a','e','i','o','u'
+   *
+   * @return true if is vowel
+        */
+       private boolean isVowel( char value ) {
+    return (value == 'a') ||
+           (value == 'e') ||
+           (value == 'i') ||
+           (value == 'o') ||
+           (value == 'u') ;
+  }
+
+       /**
+        * Gets R1
+   *
+   * R1 - is the region after the first non-vowel following a vowel,
+   *      or is the null region at the end of the word if there is
+   *      no such non-vowel.
+   *
+   * @return null or a string representing R1
+        */
+       private String getR1( String value ) {
+    int     i;
+    int     j;
+
+    // be-safe !!!
+    if (value == null) {
+      return null ;
+    }
+
+    // find 1st vowel
+    i = value.length()-1 ;
+    for (j=0 ; j < i ; j++) {
+      if (isVowel(value.charAt(j))) {
+        break ;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!(j < i)) {
+      return null ;
+    }
+
+    // find 1st non-vowel
+    for ( ; j < i ; j++) {
+      if (!(isVowel(value.charAt(j)))) {
+        break ;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!(j < i)) {
+      return null ;
+    }
+
+    return value.substring(j+1) ;
+  }
+
+       /**
+        * Gets RV
+   *
+   * RV - IF the second letter is a consonant, RV is the region after
+   *      the next following vowel,
+   *
+   *      OR if the first two letters are vowels, RV is the region
+   *      after the next consonant,
+   *
+   *      AND otherwise (consonant-vowel case) RV is the region after
+   *      the third letter.
+   *
+   *      BUT RV is the end of the word if this positions cannot be
+   *      found.
+   *
+   * @return null or a string representing RV
+        */
+       private String getRV( String value ) {
+    int     i;
+    int     j;
+
+    // be-safe !!!
+    if (value == null) {
+      return null ;
+    }
+
+    i = value.length()-1 ;
+
+    // RV - IF the second letter is a consonant, RV is the region after
+    //      the next following vowel,
+    if ((i > 0) && !isVowel(value.charAt(1))) {
+      // find 1st vowel
+      for (j=2 ; j < i ; j++) {
+        if (isVowel(value.charAt(j))) {
+          break ;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (j < i) {
+        return value.substring(j+1) ;
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    // RV - OR if the first two letters are vowels, RV is the region
+    //      after the next consonant,
+    if ((i > 1) &&
+        isVowel(value.charAt(0)) &&
+        isVowel(value.charAt(1))) {
+      // find 1st consoant
+      for (j=2 ; j < i ; j++) {
+        if (!isVowel(value.charAt(j))) {
+          break ;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (j < i) {
+        return value.substring(j+1) ;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // RV - AND otherwise (consonant-vowel case) RV is the region after
+    //      the third letter.
+    if (i > 2) {
+      return value.substring(3) ;
+    }
+
+    return null ;
+  }
+
+       /**
+   * 1) Turn to lowercase
+   * 2) Remove accents
+   * 3) ã -> a ; õ -> o
+   * 4) ç -> c
+   *
+   * @return null or a string transformed
+        */
+       private String changeTerm( String value ) {
+    int     j;
+    String  r = "" ;
+
+    // be-safe !!!
+    if (value == null) {
+      return null ;
+    }
+
+    value = value.toLowerCase() ;
+    for (j=0 ; j < value.length() ; j++) {
+      if ((value.charAt(j) == 'á') ||
+          (value.charAt(j) == 'â') ||
+          (value.charAt(j) == 'ã')) {
+        r= r + "a" ; continue ;
+      }
+      if ((value.charAt(j) == 'é') ||
+          (value.charAt(j) == 'ê')) {
+        r= r + "e" ; continue ;
+      }
+      if (value.charAt(j) == 'í') {
+        r= r + "i" ; continue ;
+      }
+      if ((value.charAt(j) == 'ó') ||
+          (value.charAt(j) == 'ô') ||
+          (value.charAt(j) == 'õ')) {
+        r= r + "o" ; continue ;
+      }
+      if ((value.charAt(j) == 'ú') ||
+          (value.charAt(j) == 'ü')) {
+        r= r + "u" ; continue ;
+      }
+      if (value.charAt(j) == 'ç') {
+        r= r + "c" ; continue ;
+      }
+      if (value.charAt(j) == 'ñ') {
+        r= r + "n" ; continue ;
+      }
+
+      r= r+ value.charAt(j) ;
+    }
+
+    return r ;
+  }
+
+       /**
+   * Check if a string ends with a suffix
+   *
+   * @return true if the string ends with the specified suffix
+        */
+       private boolean suffix( String value, String suffix ) {
+
+    // be-safe !!!
+    if ((value == null) || (suffix == null)) {
+      return false ;
+    }
+
+    if (suffix.length() > value.length()) {
+      return false ;
+    }
+
+    return value.substring(value.length()-suffix.length()).equals(suffix);
+  }
+
+       /**
+   * Replace a string suffix by another
+   *
+   * @return the replaced String
+        */
+       private String replaceSuffix( String value, String toReplace, String changeTo ) {
+    String vvalue ;
+
+    // be-safe !!!
+    if ((value == null) ||
+        (toReplace == null) ||
+        (changeTo == null) ) {
+      return value ;
+    }
+
+    vvalue = removeSuffix(value,toReplace) ;
+
+    if (value.equals(vvalue)) {
+      return value ;
+    } else {
+      return vvalue + changeTo ;
+    }
+  }
+
+       /**
+   * Remove a string suffix
+   *
+   * @return the String without the suffix
+        */
+       private String removeSuffix( String value, String toRemove ) {
+    // be-safe !!!
+    if ((value == null) ||
+        (toRemove == null) ||
+        !suffix(value,toRemove) ) {
+      return value ;
+    }
+
+    return value.substring(0,value.length()-toRemove.length()) ;
+  }
+
+       /**
+   * See if a suffix is preceded by a String
+   *
+   * @return true if the suffix is preceded
+        */
+       private boolean suffixPreceded( String value, String suffix, String preceded ) {
+    // be-safe !!!
+    if ((value == null) ||
+        (suffix == null) ||
+        (preceded == null) ||
+        !suffix(value,suffix) ) {
+      return false ;
+    }
+
+    return suffix(removeSuffix(value,suffix),preceded) ;
+  }
+
+       /**
+        * Creates CT (changed term) , substituting * 'ã' and 'õ' for 'a~' and 'o~'.
+        */
+       private void createCT( String term ) {
+    CT = changeTerm(term) ;
+
+    if (CT.length() < 2) return ;
+
+    // if the first character is ... , remove it
+    if ((CT.charAt(0) == '"')  ||
+        (CT.charAt(0) == '\'') ||
+        (CT.charAt(0) == '-')  ||
+        (CT.charAt(0) == ',')  ||
+        (CT.charAt(0) == ';')  ||
+        (CT.charAt(0) == '.')  ||
+        (CT.charAt(0) == '?')  ||
+        (CT.charAt(0) == '!')
+        ) {
+        CT = CT.substring(1);
+    }
+
+    if (CT.length() < 2) return ;
+
+    // if the last character is ... , remove it
+    if ((CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == '-') ||
+        (CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == ',') ||
+        (CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == ';') ||
+        (CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == '.') ||
+        (CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == '?') ||
+        (CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == '!') ||
+        (CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == '\'') ||
+        (CT.charAt(CT.length()-1) == '"')
+        ) {
+        CT = CT.substring(0,CT.length()-1);
+    }
+  }
+
+
+       /**
+        * Standard suffix removal.
+   * Search for the longest among the following suffixes, and perform
+   * the following actions:
+   *
+   * @return false if no ending was removed
+        */
+       private boolean step1() {
+    if (CT == null) return false ;
+
+    // suffix length = 7
+    if (suffix(CT,"uciones") && suffix(R2,"uciones")) {
+        CT = replaceSuffix(CT,"uciones","u") ; return true;
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 6
+    if (CT.length() >= 6) {
+      if (suffix(CT,"imentos") && suffix(R2,"imentos")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"imentos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"amentos") && suffix(R2,"amentos")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"amentos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"adores") && suffix(R2,"adores")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"adores") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"adoras") && suffix(R2,"adoras")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"adoras") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"logias") && suffix(R2,"logias")) {
+          replaceSuffix(CT,"logias","log") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"encias") && suffix(R2,"encias")) {
+          CT = replaceSuffix(CT,"encias","ente") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"amente") && suffix(R1,"amente")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"amente") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"idades") && suffix(R2,"idades")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"idades") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 5
+    if (CT.length() >= 5) {
+      if (suffix(CT,"acoes") && suffix(R2,"acoes")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"acoes") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"imento") && suffix(R2,"imento")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"imento") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"amento") && suffix(R2,"amento")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"amento") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"adora") && suffix(R2,"adora")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"adora") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ismos") && suffix(R2,"ismos")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ismos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"istas") && suffix(R2,"istas")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"istas") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"logia") && suffix(R2,"logia")) {
+          CT = replaceSuffix(CT,"logia","log") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ucion") && suffix(R2,"ucion")) {
+          CT = replaceSuffix(CT,"ucion","u") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"encia") && suffix(R2,"encia")) {
+          CT = replaceSuffix(CT,"encia","ente") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"mente") && suffix(R2,"mente")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"mente") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"idade") && suffix(R2,"idade")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"idade") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 4
+    if (CT.length() >= 4) {
+      if (suffix(CT,"acao") && suffix(R2,"acao")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"acao") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ezas") && suffix(R2,"ezas")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ezas") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"icos") && suffix(R2,"icos")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"icos") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"icas") && suffix(R2,"icas")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"icas") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ismo") && suffix(R2,"ismo")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ismo") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"avel") && suffix(R2,"avel")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"avel") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ivel") && suffix(R2,"ivel")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ivel") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ista") && suffix(R2,"ista")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ista") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"osos") && suffix(R2,"osos")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"osos") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"osas") && suffix(R2,"osas")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"osas") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ador") && suffix(R2,"ador")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ador") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ivas") && suffix(R2,"ivas")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ivas") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ivos") && suffix(R2,"ivos")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ivos") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"iras") &&
+          suffix(RV,"iras") &&
+          suffixPreceded(CT,"iras","e")) {
+          CT = replaceSuffix(CT,"iras","ir") ; return true ;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 3
+    if (CT.length() >= 3) {
+      if (suffix(CT,"eza") && suffix(R2,"eza")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eza") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ico") && suffix(R2,"ico")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ico") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ica") && suffix(R2,"ica")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ica") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"oso") && suffix(R2,"oso")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"oso") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"osa") && suffix(R2,"osa")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"osa") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"iva") && suffix(R2,"iva")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iva") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ivo") && suffix(R2,"ivo")) {
+          CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ivo") ; return true ;
+      }
+      if (suffix(CT,"ira") &&
+          suffix(RV,"ira") &&
+          suffixPreceded(CT,"ira","e")) {
+          CT = replaceSuffix(CT,"ira","ir") ; return true ;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // no ending was removed by step1
+    return false ;
+  }
+
+
+       /**
+        * Verb suffixes.
+   *
+   * Search for the longest among the following suffixes in RV,
+   * and if found, delete.
+   *
+   * @return false if no ending was removed
+       */
+       private boolean step2() {
+    if (RV == null) return false ;
+
+    // suffix lenght = 7
+    if (RV.length() >= 7) {
+      if (suffix(RV,"issemos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"issemos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"essemos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"essemos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"assemos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"assemos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ariamos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ariamos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eriamos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eriamos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iriamos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iriamos") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 6
+    if (RV.length() >= 6) {
+      if (suffix(RV,"iremos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iremos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eremos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eremos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"aremos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"aremos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"avamos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"avamos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iramos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iramos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eramos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eramos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"aramos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"aramos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"asseis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"asseis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"esseis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"esseis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"isseis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"isseis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"arieis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"arieis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"erieis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"erieis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"irieis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"irieis") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+
+    // suffix length = 5
+    if (RV.length() >= 5) {
+      if (suffix(RV,"irmos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"irmos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iamos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iamos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"armos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"armos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ermos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ermos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"areis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"areis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ereis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ereis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ireis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ireis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"asses")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"asses") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"esses")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"esses") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"isses")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"isses") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"astes")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"astes") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"assem")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"assem") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"essem")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"essem") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"issem")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"issem") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ardes")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ardes") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"erdes")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"erdes") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"irdes")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"irdes") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ariam")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ariam") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eriam")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eriam") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iriam")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iriam") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"arias")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"arias") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"erias")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"erias") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"irias")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"irias") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"estes")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"estes") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"istes")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"istes") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"areis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"areis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"aveis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"aveis") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 4
+    if (RV.length() >= 4) {
+      if (suffix(RV,"aria")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"aria") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eria")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eria") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iria")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iria") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"asse")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"asse") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"esse")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"esse") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"isse")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"isse") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"aste")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"aste") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"este")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"este") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iste")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iste") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"arei")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"arei") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"erei")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"erei") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"irei")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"irei") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"aram")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"aram") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eram")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eram") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iram")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iram") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"avam")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"avam") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"arem")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"arem") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"erem")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"erem") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"irem")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"irem") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ando")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ando") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"endo")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"endo") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"indo")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"indo") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"arao")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"arao") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"erao")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"erao") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"irao")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"irao") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"adas")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"adas") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"idas")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"idas") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"aras")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"aras") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eras")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eras") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iras")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iras") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"avas")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"avas") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ares")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ares") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eres")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eres") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ires")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ires") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ados")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ados") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"idos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"idos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"amos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"amos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"emos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"emos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"imos")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"imos") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iras")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iras") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ieis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ieis") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 3
+    if (RV.length() >= 3) {
+      if (suffix(RV,"ada")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ada") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ida")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ida") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ara")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ara") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"era")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"era") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ira")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ava") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iam")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iam") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ado")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ado") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ido")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ido") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ias")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ias") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ais")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ais") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eis")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eis") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ira")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ira") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ear")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ear") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // suffix length = 2
+    if (RV.length() >= 2) {
+      if (suffix(RV,"ia")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ia") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ei")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ei") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"am")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"am") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"em")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"em") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ar")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ar") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"er")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"er") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ir")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ir") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"as")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"as") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"es")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"es") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"is")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"is") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"eu")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"eu") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iu")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iu") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"iu")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"iu") ; return true;
+      }
+      if (suffix(RV,"ou")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"ou") ; return true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // no ending was removed by step2
+    return false ;
+  }
+
+       /**
+        * Delete suffix 'i' if in RV and preceded by 'c'
+   *
+       */
+       private void step3() {
+    if (RV == null) return ;
+
+    if (suffix(RV,"i") && suffixPreceded(RV,"i","c")) {
+      CT = removeSuffix(CT,"i") ;
+    }
+
+  }
+
+       /**
+        * Residual suffix
+   *
+   * If the word ends with one of the suffixes (os a i o á í ó)
+   * in RV, delete it
+   *
+       */
+       private void step4() {
+    if (RV == null) return  ;
+
+    if (suffix(RV,"os")) {
+      CT = removeSuffix(CT,"os") ; return ;
+    }
+    if (suffix(RV,"a")) {
+      CT = removeSuffix(CT,"a") ; return ;
+    }
+    if (suffix(RV,"i")) {
+      CT = removeSuffix(CT,"i") ; return ;
+    }
+    if (suffix(RV,"o")) {
+      CT = removeSuffix(CT,"o") ; return ;
+    }
+
+  }
+
+       /**
+        * If the word ends with one of ( e é ê) in RV,delete it,
+   * and if preceded by 'gu' (or 'ci') with the 'u' (or 'i') in RV,
+   * delete the 'u' (or 'i')
+   *
+   * Or if the word ends ç remove the cedilha
+   *
+       */
+       private void step5() {
+    if (RV == null) return  ;
+
+    if (suffix(RV,"e")) {
+      if (suffixPreceded(RV,"e","gu")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"e") ;
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"u") ;
+        return ;
+      }
+
+      if (suffixPreceded(RV,"e","ci")) {
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"e") ;
+        CT = removeSuffix(CT,"i") ;
+        return ;
+      }
+
+      CT = removeSuffix(CT,"e") ; return ;
+    }
+  }
+
+       /**
+        * For log and debug purpose
+        *
+        * @return  TERM, CT, RV, R1 and R2
+        */
+       public String log() {
+    return " (TERM = " + TERM + ")" +
+           " (CT = " + CT +")" +
+           " (RV = " + RV +")" +
+           " (R1 = " + R1 +")" +
+           " (R2 = " + R2 +")" ;
+       }
+
+}
+